Search results for "Thyroid nodules"
showing 10 items of 28 documents
Fine-needle biopsy of parathyroid adenomas
1986
High-resolution real-time sonography was performed in 15 cases of clinically and chemically suspected primary hyperparathyroidism and in 20 patients with different thyroid nodules. The suspected enlarged parathyroid glands and the thyroid nodules were percutaneously punctured under sonographic control. Concentrations of parathyroid hormone, human thyroglobulin, and human calcitonin were measured in the aspirate, and immunocytology was performed. The mean concentration of the aspirated parathyroid hormone in the parathyroid glands was 4,013.6 pmol/l +/- 4,519 (SD) as compared with 14.9 pmol/l +/- 8.7 in the thyroid nodules. Thyroglobulin was present in the aspirated fluid of parathyroid aden…
Survey of autoantibody responses against tumor-associated antigens in thyroid cancer
2014
Background Autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) have been shown to serve as highly specific serological biomarkers for the diagnosis of various solid cancers. Although the autoimmunity against thyroid tissue specific antigens has been studied extensively, so far, the autoantibody responses against common TAAs such as cancer-testis antigens (CTAs), mutated or differentiation antigens have not been comprehensively analyzed in patients with thyroid cancer. Objective The current study aims to characterize the frequency of autoantibody responses against common TAAs in patients with thyroid cancer and benign thyroid nodules. Methods A phage-displayed antigen microarray comprisi…
Association of obesity and diabetes with thyroid nodules
2017
Aim: There are conflicting data concerning the possibility that obesity and diabetes raise the risk of thyroid nodules. The incidence of thyroid nodules is increasing, as is that of obesity and diabetes; therefore, understanding whether these metabolic and nutritional disorders influence nodular thyroid disease is important for organizing prevention strategies. This study investigated the association between thyroid nodules, obesity, diabetes, and dietary habits. Materials and methods: A cohort of randomly selected adults (455 males, 746 females; age: 18â90 years) living in Palermo (Italy), a mild iodine deficiency area, was cross-sectionally investigated. Participants underwent high-reso…
Incidentally discovered thyroid nodules: incidence, and greyscale and colour Doppler pattern in an adult population screened by real-time compound sp…
2006
Purpose. Our aim was to assess the incidence and ultrasound features of thyroid nodules in an adult population screened by means of high-resolution ultrasonography (HRUS) and to evaluate the contribution of real-time spatial compound sonography (CS) in terms of image quality. Materials and methods. A total of 704 consecutive patients (400 women, 304 men) without thyroid disease underwent HRUS and CS examination of the thyroid gland. Number, size, location, echotexture and colour Doppler pattern of detected nodules were assessed. Two radiologists also assessed image quality of the two techniques. Results. Seven hundred and eleven thyroid nodules (size range 0.18-4.1 cm; mean: 1.1 cm) were de…
Improving Diagnostic Performance for Thyroid Nodules Classified as Bethesda Category III or IV: How and by Whom Ultrasonography Should be Performed
2020
Background: The purpose of this prospective study is to evaluate if the association of Bethesda system and a 3-categories Ultrasonography (US) risk stratification system proposed by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology/Associazione Medici Endocrinologi improves the performance of cytology alone in III or IV categories and if further variables such as US provider (radiologist; endocrinologist, or endocrine surgeon both coming from a dedicated team) influence the accuracy of the diagnostic. Methods: 570 consecutive patients with complete clinical records, affected by Bethesda III or IV nodules, have been addressed to two public referral surgi…
European perspective on the 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroi…
2018
The American Thyroid Association (ATA) management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) are highly influential practice recommendations. The latest revision appeared in 2015 ("ATA 2015"). These guidelines were developed predominantly by North American experts. European experts frequently have different perspectives, given epidemiological, technological/methodological, practice organization, and medicolegal differences between the respective regions.Divergent viewpoints were the focus of an invited symposium organized by the European Association of Nuclear Medicine involving 17 European thyroidologists, four ATA Guidelines Taskforce members, and…
Intrathyroidal Thymic Tissue Surrounding an Intrathyroidal Parathyroid Gland, the Cause of a Solitary Thyroid Nodule in a 6-Year-Old Boy
2008
Ectopic intrathyroidal thymic tissue is a rare occurrence; parathyroid glands sometimes occur in an intrathyroidal location, but this is uncommon. We report a 6-year-old boy who was noted to have a solitary thyroid nodule on ultrasound. A hemithyroidectomy was performed, and histological investigation revealed that the nodule consisted of ectopic intrathyroidal thymus tissue surrounding a well-defined parathyroidal gland. This condition is an exceedingly rare cause of a thyroid nodule, but intrathyroidal thymic tissue should probably be included in the differential diagnosis of solitary thyroid nodules.
ENDOCRINE TUMOURS: Calcitonin in thyroid and extra-thyroid neuroendocrine neoplasms: the two-faced Janus.
2020
An increased calcitonin serum level is suggestive of a medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), but is not pathognomonic. The possibility of false positives or other calcitonin-secreting neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) should be considered. Serum calcitonin levels are generally assessed by immunoradiometric and chemiluminescent assays with high sensitivity and specificity; however, slightly moderately elevated levels could be attributable to various confounding factors. Calcitonin values >100 pg/mL are strongly suspicious of malignancy, whereas in patients with moderately elevated values (10–100 pg/mL) a stimulation test may be applied to improve diagnostic accuracy. Although the standard protoco…
European Thyroid Association Guidelines regarding Thyroid Nodule Molecular Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology Diagnostics
2016
Molecular fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology diagnostics has the potential to address the inherent limitation of FNA cytology which is an indeterminate (atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance follicular neoplasm) cytology. Because of the emerging role of molecular FNA cytology diagnostics, the European Thyroid Association convened a panel of international experts to review methodological aspects, indications, results, and limitations of molecular FNA cytology diagnostics. The panel reviewed the evidence for the diagnostic value of mutation panel assessment (including at least BRAF, NRAS, HRAS, KRAS, PAX8/PPARG, RET/PTC) of targeted next generat…
The coexistence of primary hyperparathyroidism and thyroid nodules: Should the preoperative work-up of the parathyroid and the thyroid diseases be sp…
2016
Introduction and objectives. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) can be found in concomitance with thyroid disease (TD) in a high frequency of cases. In this context the diagnostic exams for localizing the enlarged parathyroid(s) gland(s) could be less reliable or nonconclusive. Moreover, the thyroid carcinoma seems to be more frequent compared to that isolated thyroid desease and, therefore, carefully investigated. The main goal of the present study is to evaluate which diagnostic tool (US, MIBI) is more reliable for localizing the site of the PTH hypersecretion and to confirm if it is always advantageous a combination of both exams. Besides, we evaluated the incidence of thyroid carcinoma …